Abstract: Objective To investigate the efficacy and safty of rh-endostatin （endostar）combined with chemotherapy at the stage of vascular normalization on advanced non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）patients. Methods Forty-three stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ NSCLC patients confirmed by pathology or cytology were randomized into endostar combined chemotherapy group（A）and endostar concurrent chemotherapy group（B）. Group A contained 21 patients：endostar 15mg iv d1,d14，docetaxel 75mg／m2 iv d5；B group（22 patients）had the same administration of endostar，while doceaxel（75mg／m2）was intravenously dropped on d1. The regimen of the both groups was repeated every 21 days.The efficacy was evaluated strictly after 2 cycles according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. Side effect was evaluated after 1 cycle according to NCI-CTC 3.0 version criteria.Survival analysis was evaluated by KaplanMeier method. Results The response rates in A and B groups were 14.2％ and 9.1％，respectively（P=0.63），and the disease control rates in these two groups were 57.1％ and 54.6％，respectively（P=0.76）.The median overall survival in A group and B group were 10.2 and 10.5 months，respectively（P=0.77）.The median progression-free survival between the two groups was similar （3.7 vs. 3.5 months，P=0.19）.The main side effects were alopecia,hematologic toxicities and weakness in the both two groups and without significance between them. ConclusionThe windows period of vascular normalization of endostar in combination with chemotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy showed similar efficacy, survival and side effect.