Abstract: Objective To research changes of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and microvessel density （MVD） in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization（TACE） plus antiangiogenic drugs treatment. MethodsEightyfive HCC patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. Control group and treatment group were given conventional chemotherapy drugs embolization， treatment group were given endostar 30mg embolism. On day 0 and day 28 after TACE treatment， VEGF and MVD was detected from tumor biopsy tissue lesions. ResultsBefore and after treatment， MVD in control group were 61.76 ± 20.12 and 62.64 ± 22.83（P＞0.05）， VEGF were 125.94 ± 75.41 and 190.07 ± 86.96（P＜0.01）；MVD in treatment group were 62.00 ± 24.18 and 51.48 ± 15.79（P＜0.01）， VEGF were 127.10 ± 77.81 and 88.47 ± 75.89（P＜0.01）. One year survival rate of treatment group and control group was 62.5％ and 61.9％, respectively. Conclusion TACE can generate a significant reduction in blood vessels，and raise VEGF to promote new blood vessels within the lesion. Antiangiogenic drugs can effectively reduce the MVD, VEGF and achieve better therapeutic effect.