Abstract: Objective Using micro-PET imaging technology to evaluate the effect of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）-bearing mice treated by traditional Chinese compound medicine（Gexia Zhuyutang）. Methods Tweleve healthy nude mice of 20 weeks were randomly divided into intervention group and control group. Each mouse was subcutaneous inoculated of human HCC cells to establish Bel-7402 tumor-burdened model. After 1 week， each mouse in intervention group was gavaged by Gexia Zhuyutang 0.3 ml every day， while mice in the control group were given by 0.3 ml normal saline for two months. We then calculated the tumor size and inhibitory rate twice a week and drawed the tumor growth curve. All the tumor-bearing mice received 18F-FDG／18F-RGD micro-PET imaging at the 24 and 60 days.We detected the tissue absorption， standard uptake value（SUV） and tumor to muscle ratio（T／NT）. Results Twenty-four days after inoculation， the average volume of intervention group （74.8 mm3） was less than the control group （78.3 mm3）， but the difference was not statistically significant（P＞0.05）. The tissue absorption， SUV and T／NT of intervention group were respectively （5.54±1.59）%ID/g， 0.93±0.20 and 8.20±2.52 by 18F-FDG micro-PET， slightly smaller than the control group which were （5.92±1.23）%ID/g， 1.00±0.19 and 8.71±2.36（P＞0.05）. The tissue absorption， SUV and T／NT of intervention group were （4.08±0.64）%ID／g， 0.75±0.08 and 6.91±0.72 by 18F-RGD micro-PET， slightly smaller than the control group which were （4.61±1.08）%ID／g、0.87±0.16 and 7.00±1.40（P＞0.05）. At 60 days after inoculation， the average volume of intervention group and control group accumulated to 1854.4 mm3 and 1462.9 mm3. The tissue absorption， SUV and T／NT of intewention group were （3.56±0.54）%ID／g， 0.70±0.09 and 4.91±0.92（n=5） by 18F-FDG micro-PET，more than the control group which were 3.28%ID／g， 0.60 and 3.98（n=1）. The tissue absorption， SUV and T／NT of intervention group were （2.19±0.16）%ID／g， 0.51±0.04 and 4.15±0.57（n=4）by 18F-RGD micro-PET. The tumor weight of two group were （1.93±0.95）g（n=5）and 1.69 g（n=1），so the tumor inhibitory rate was -14.76%. The medium overall survive of intervention group was 60 d, longer than 40.5 d of control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The overall survival time of nude mice bearing HCC treated with Gexia Zhuyutang was prolonged possibly by inhibiting glucose absorption and angiogenesis. Micro-PET imaging technology can dynamically analyze the physiological and biochemical changes in animal models，and it also can be used for evaluating the effect of antitumor drugs in vivo.