Abstract: The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase（EML4ALK）fusion gene resulting from the chromosome inversion inv（2）（p21；p23）recently was identified in non-small cell lung cancer. EML4ALK fusion gene is oncogenic，which could be suppressed by ALK-inhibitor through blocking the downstream signaling pass-way of EML4-ALK. This review will focus on the clinicopathologic characteristics and targeted therapy of EML4-ALK in lung cancer.