Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical significance of the carbohydrate antigen detection for diagnosis and treatment in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. Methods The levels of serum CA19-9， CA242， CA125 and CA153 of 60 confirmed patients with NSCLC were measured by multiple tumor marker protein chip detection system and were compared with benign lung lesions control group and the healthy control group. Results The positive rate of serum CA19-9， CA242， CA125 and CA153 in the lung cancer group were higher than benign lung lesions control group and healthy control group， but there was particularly apparent difference in serum CA19-9， CA125 and CA153（P＜0.05）. The positive rates of serum CA199 and CA125 in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those in patients with squamous cell carcinoma（P＜0.05）.The positive rates of 4 carbohydrate antigens raised with clinical stages. The positive rates of CA125 and CA153 in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ were 38.5% and 30.8%, which were higher than those of CA19-9 and CA242, with significant differences（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The carbohydrate antigen for diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC has considerable clinical values， can be used as auxiliary examination to the conventional methods in detecting NSCLC.