Abstract: Objective To explore the expression of thioredoxin interacting protein（TXNIP） in breast cancer and its clinical significance. Methods Fifty samples of breast cancer tissues and the corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from 2011 to 2012. The quantitative reverse transcription-PCR（qRT-PCR）， Western blotting and immunohistochemical method were used to detect the TXNIP mRNA， protein level and positive expression rate in 16， 7 and 50 samples of breast cancer tissues and the corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues， respectively. The relationship between the expression of TXNIP and its clinicopathological features in breast cancer was also investigated. Results There was no significant difference between breast cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues in mRNA level of TXNIP（39.07±12.34 vs. 40.12±13.13， P＞0.05）. The protein level and positive expression rate of TXNIP in breast cancer tissues were 0.43±0.11 and 52.0％， lower than 0.85±0.01 and 72.0％ in adjacent non-cancerous tissues（P＜0.05）. There were statistically significant differences of TXNIP expression among different TNM staging and the degree of differentiation in breast cancer tissues， and the positive expression rate of TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and low differentiation in adjacent non-cancerous tissues were superior to that in breast cancer tissues（P＜0.05）. Conclusion There are different expressions of TXNIP in breast cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and TXNIP may be a reference for diagnosis and treatment in breast cancer.