Abstract: Objective To determine the incidence and presentation of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis （HT） and papillary thyroid carcinoma （PTC）. Methods In a retrospective study， 1983 patients undergoing partial or total thyroidectomy in our hospital from March 2011 to September 2013 were collected. All cases were confirmed by pathological examination and classified accordingly. Age and sex distribution of patients with HT and PTC were also discussed. Results The rate of PTC in patients with HT was 48.27％， higher than that in patients without HT with a 3.22-fold increase in risk （95％CI：2.39-4.33， P=0.000）. The age of PTC patients with HT range form 17 to 72 and the percentage distributions of four classes of age （≤20， 21-40， 41-60 and ＞60 years） were 2.0％（2／98）， 44.9％（44／98）， 48.9％（48／98） and 4.0％（4／98）， respectively. However， the age of PTC patients without HT range form 13 to 79 and the percentage distributions of four classes of age （≤20， 21-40， 41-60 and ＞60 years） were 1.8％（7／400）， 31.8％（127／400）， 52.5％（210／400） and 14.0％（56／400）， respectively. Significant difference was observed on the age distribution of the two groups （χ2=10.615， P=0.014）. The male-to-female sex ratio of PTC patients with HT was 1∶15.3， lower than that of PTC patients without HT with statistical significance （χ2=15.315， P=0.000）. Conclusion HT exposure may be an inducing factor for PTC and could lead early occurrence of the disease. Middle-aged women with HT should take preventive measures in advance especially.