Abstract: Objective To explore the curative effect of bortezomib-CHOP（B-CHOP）regimen versus CHOP regimen on elderly patients with recurrent mantle cell lymphoma. Methods Thirty-eight elderly patients with recurrent mantle cell lymphoma from Jan 2009 to Jan 2015 were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to CHOP regimen（control group，n=19）and B-CHOP regimen（experimental group，n=19）. B-CHOP regimen：bortezomib 1.6 mg／m2 iv bolus d1，d8；cyclophosphamide 750 mg／m2 iv d2；doxorubicin 50 mg／m2 iv d2；vincristine 1.4 mg／m2（max dose 2 mg／m2）iv d2；prednisone 100 mg／d po d2-d6. CHOP regimen：cyclophosphamide 750 mg／m2 iv d1；doxorubicin 50 mg／m2 iv d1；vincristine 1.4 mg／m2（max dose 2 mg／m2）iv d1；prednisone 100 mg／d po d1-d5. All the patients underwent 8 cycles of chemotherapy with 28 days as a cycle. The efficacy evaluation was carried out at the 4th and 8th cycle according to the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma international standard. The long-term survival was analyzed using the follow-up data. Results In experimental group，there were 10 cases of complete remission（CR），4 cases of partial remission（PR），3 cases of no response（NR）and 2 cases of progression（PD）after 4 cycles，and 12 cases of CR，4 cases of PR，1 case of NR and 2 cases of PD after 8 cycles. In control group，there were 3 cases of CR，2 cases of PR，10 cases of NR and 4 cases of PD after 4 cycles，and 5 cases of CR，3 cases of PR，7 case of NR and 4 cases of PD after 8 cycles. In experimental group，the response rate（RR）of 4th and 8th cycles were 73.7％and 84.2％，which were higher than 26.3％and 42.1％of control group（P＜0.05）. The median overall survival in experimental group was 56.0 months，longer than 29.0 months in control group（P＜0.05）. The main side effects of the two groups were fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and peripheral neuritis, and etc. The incidence of side effects between the two groups had no difference（P＞0.05）. Conclusion B-CHOP regimen shows better RR and overall survival than CHOP regimen in elderly patients with recurrent mantle cell lymphoma.