Abstract: Objective To evaluate the young officers and soldiers' popular science of malignant tumor，realize their attitude and behavior about prevention and control，provide the basis for health education. MethodsBased on the principle of systematic sampling，part of the young officers and soldiers was randomly selected. The selfmade questionnaire was used to investigate the young officers and soldiers popular science of malignant tumor. The questionnaire was conducted by face-to-face interview. Results A total of 555 questionnaires were valid， average score of 25.9±5.6. The average score of the basic cognition of malignant tumor， the causes of malignant tumor， early detection of malignant tumor and attitude and behavior about malignant tumor prevention and anticancer were 6.8±2.4， 4.3±1.6， 6.6±2.2 and 8.2±2.6， out of 56.7％， 43.0％， 55.0％， 58.6％.Married／divorcee scored significantly higher than the unmarried， higher education degree was higher than the lower， women higher than men（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The awareness of the young officers and soldiers popular science knowledge of malignant tumor is low， associated with younger respondents and the lack of professional scientific knowledge. Cognitive deficiencies resulted in the fear of malignant tumors， which is not conducive to the scientific and healthy way of life. More attention should be paid on the particular health education to raise the health care consciousness of soldiers and officers.