Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and risks of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. Methods All eligible studies were extracted from PubMed，CBM，CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database. Statistical analyses were performed by Stata 11.0.The odds ratio（OR）with 95％ confidence interval（CI）were estimated to evaluate XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and the risk of HCC. Publication bias was assessed with Eggers test and Begg's test. Results A total of seventeen available studies were included in our present meta-analysis，with 3301 cases and 4156 controls. When all studies were pooled，significant association was found between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms and the risk of HCC under all genetic models in Chinese population（G/G vs. A/A：OR=1.32，95％CI：1.13-1.54，P=0.000；A/G vs. A/A：OR=1.25，95％CI：1.10-1.41，P=0.000；A/G+G/G vs. A/A：OR=1.22，95％CI：1.09-1.36，P=0.000；G/G vs. A/A+A/G：OR=1.20，95％CI：1.04-1.39，P=0.014）. In the subgroup analysis，similar results were also observed in all region or when source of controls was hospital-based.However，no potential association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and the risk of HCC was found when source of controls were population-based. In Guangxi region，except the recessive genetic model（G/G vs. AA：OR=1.25，95％CI：0.95-1.65，P=0.115），in other genetic model，significant association was found between XRCC1 Alg399Gln polymorphisms and the risk of HCC in Guangxi population（G/G vs. AA：OR=1.47，95％CI：1.10-1.95，P=0.009；A/G vs. A/A：OR=1.35，95％CI：1.17-1.56，P=0.000；A／G+G/G vs. A/A：OR=1.33，95％CI：1.16-1.52，P=0.000）. Conclusion XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism might increase the risk of HCC in Chinese population，especially in Guangxi region.