Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between Fc gamma receptor Ⅲa 158V／F （FcγRⅢa 158V／F） polymorphism and clinical response to standard frontline treatment with rituximab （RTX）-based regimens in Chinese diffuse large B-cell lymphoma （DLBCL） patients. Methods Nested PCR combined with sanger sequencing were used to detected FcγRⅢa 158V／F genotypes in 265 DLBCL patients. All patients receiving 6 （1-8） cycles of R-CHOP （rituximab， cyclophosphamide， doxorubicin， vincristine and prednisone） as frontline therapy were assessable for the efficacy. The relationship between FcγRⅢa 158V／F polymorphism and the efficacy and prognosis of patients was analyzed. Results Among 265 patients， 27 （10.2％） patients with V／V genotype， 107 （40.4％） with V／F and 131 （49.4％）with F／F were identified. Patients with different FcγRⅢa 158V／F genotypes did not have any difference in terms of age， molecular subtypes， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） or international prognostic index （IPI）; However, it only related to gender（P＜0.05）. The overall response rate （RR） was 85.2％, 84.1％ and 83.2％ in V／V， V／F and F／F， respectively. There was no significant difference between the treatment responses of the three groups （P＞0.05）. With a median follow-up of 60.7 months（range： 0.8-109.5）， 103（38.9％）patients relapsed or progressed， and 77（29.1％） died. There was no difference between homozygous F／F and V allele carriers as for the 5-year progression-free survival rate （61.1％ vs. 62.4％， P=0.757） and 5-year overall survival rate （69.2％ vs. 74.2％， P=0.278）. But in the subgroup of early stage （Ⅰ-Ⅱ）， patients with V allele carriers were found to have a higher 5-year overall survival rate than that in homozygous F （94.7％ vs.77.3％， P=0.003）. The 5-year progression-free survival rates for F／F genotype and V／V+V／F genotype were 85.9％ and 75.9％ （P＞0.05）. As for Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage， there was no significant difference in progression-free survival rate and overall-survival rate between patients with different FcγRⅢa 158V／F genotypes （P＞0.05）. Conclusion FcγRⅢa 158V／F polymorphisms could not predict response to RTX-based regimes as frontline therapy for DLBCL patients， but in the subgroup of early stage， this polymorphism may be a biomarker to predict response.