Abstract: Objective To investigate the characteristics of disease order and constitutes of in-patients with malignant tumors in the Second People’s Hospital of Kashgar during 2010 to 2016， and to provide reference for the prevention and control of cancer in this region. Methods The basic data of patients with malignant tumors in the Second People’s Hospital of Kashgar from 2010 to 2016 was collected， and Microsoft Excel was used to analyze the disease order and constitutes of disease in patients with malignant cancers. Results A total of 4635 patients were registered， including 861（18.58％） of Han nationality， 3718 （80.22％） of Uygur nationality， and 56 （1.20％） from other nationalities. The top 10 kinds of malignant tumors accounted for about 73.25％ of all malignant tumors. The top 10 kinds of malignant tumors for Han nationality were lung cancer， gastric cancer， colorectal cancer， breast cancer， liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer， esophageal cancer， prostate cancer， cervical cancer， bladder cancer and ovarian cancer. Meanwhile， the order for Uygur nationality was gastric cancer， esophageal cancer， cervical cancer， breast cancer， colorectal cancer， lung cancer， liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer， other malignant neoplasms of skin， prostate cancer and ovarian cancer. Conclusion A different characteristics of disease order and constitutes of malignant tumor existed between Uygur and Han nationalities in Kashgar. Further study on the characteristics of malignant tumor disease in this area is helpful to the prevention and treatment of malignant tumor.