Abstract: Objective To summarize the diagnosis，treatment and prognosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms（PCN）in our center as to provide some useful information for the diagnosis and treatment of PCN. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with PCN in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2005 to October 2016 was conducted. Clinical characteristics，EUS features，treatment and prognosis of each type of PCN were evaluated. Results In this study，222 PCN patients were collected including 94 patients of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm（IPMN），58 patients of mucinous cystic neoplasm（MCN），43 patients of serous cystic neoplasm（SCN）and 27 patients of solid pseudopaillary neoplasm（SPN）. Among PCN patients，the male／female ratio was 1∶1.55 and the mean age was 56.0±15.7 years. Moreover，142（64.0％，142／222）PCN patients had symptoms or signs，of which the most common symptom was abdominal pain（47.3％，105／222）. The postoperative pathological results of 7 IPMN patients（16.3％，7／43）and 5 MCN patients（9.1％，5／55）were malignant（invasive carcinoma or highgrade dysplasia），while those of SCN or MCN patients were all benign（P=0.027）. For those patients under surveillance，there were 4 IPMN patients（8.3％，4／48）and 2 SPN patients（66.7％，2／3）progressing into cancer. The 5-year overall survival rate of 188 PCN patients with complete follow-up data was 86.0％. After surgery the 5-year overall survival rates of 124 PCN patients was 90.0%. The 5-year overall survival rates of SCN，MCN and SPN patients were 100.0％，92.1％ and 93.8％，respectively，while that of IPMN was only 74.0％（P=0.003）. Conclusion PCN are found mostly in middle-aged females and most of the patients have symptoms or signs，of which abdominal pain is the most common symptom. IPMN，MCN and SPN have risks of progressing into malignancy. Thus，patients of IPMNs，MCNs or SPNs should receive surgery when it is appropriate；However，SCN patients should be put under surveillance. The prognosis of PCN after surgery varies a lot，among which IPMN shows the worst prognosis while other types of PCN all show comparatively good results.