Abstract: Objective To investigate the anti-proliferative effects induced by sodium butyrate（NaB） on human endometrial carcinoma HEC-2B cell line and its influence on N-myc downstream regulated gene 1（NDRG1） expression. Methods The HEC-2B cells were exposed to various concentrations of NaB for 48 and 72h. The cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. The morphological changes of the HEC-2B cells were observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The expression of NDRG1 protein was determined by Western blotting method. Results MTT assay showed that NaB inhibited the growth of HEC-2B cell line in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro（P＜0.5）.After NaB treatment for 48h，evident morphological changes with pathognomonic feature of apoptosis were observed. Western blotting showed that the expression of NDRG1 protein were gradually down-regulated with the increasing of NaB concentration. Conclusion NaB can significantly inhibit the growth of human endometrial carcinoma in vitro and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of NDRG1 protein expression.