Abstract: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC）is one of the most common head and neck neoplasm in southern China. However， the pathogenesis and etiology of NPC remain unclear. NPC is sensitive to radiotherapy， but the high risk of relapse and metastasis are challenges. Epstein-Barr virus is the most important high risk factor of NPC， which has been the theme to explore the pathogenesis of NPC in nowadays. In order to reveal the immunological effects of EB virus in the pathogenesis of NPC， the relevance of immune response and EB virus related products， as well as the application of immune therapy for NPC will be reviewed in this article.