Abstract: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated（CTLA-4） is a kind of leukocyte differentiation antigens， it participates in the negative regulation of immune response. As the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） model by the driver gene targeted therapy to immune targeted therapy，CDLA-4 has become a new research hotspot. This article combing CDLA-4 research of NSCLC in recent years and reviews the connecting with the related basic and clinical research progress.