Chinese Clinical Oncology

Enhanced anti-tumor effect of RGD-modified adenovirus mediated LIF and IL-24 co-expression on MEG01 human leukemia cells

LI Shuai， YU Xin， HE Feng， ZHU Xiaxia， YANG Jicheng， SHENG Weihua， MIAO Jingcheng.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 385.

Abstract ( 773 )

PDF（pc） (1940KB) ( 378 )

Save

Objective To construct RGD-modified leukemia inhibitory factor（LIF） and interleukin-24（IL-24） gene co-expression adenovirus vector， and detect the inhibition effect for human leukemia MEG01 cells from LIF and IL-24.
MethodsThe RGD-modified adenovirus Ad.RGD-LIF， Ad.RGD-IL24 and Ad.RGD-LIF-IL24 were construct by using the method of homologous recombination. The adenovirus in QBI-293A cells were amplified， then the titer of adenovirus were detected. The infection efficiency of MEG01 leukemia cells were detected by flow cytometry. After infecting Ad.RGD-LIF， Ad.RGD-IL24 and Ad.RGD-LIF-IL24 adenovirus 48 hours， the expressions of LIF and IL24 in MEG01 cells were detected by Western blotting method. The CCK-8 and PE-AnexinV／7-AAD method were used to detect the growth inhibition and apoptosis of MEG01 cells. Then p53， Bax and Bcl-xl gene expressions in MEG01 cells infected with adenovirus were detected by Western blotting method. PI staining method was used to detect the cell cycle of MEG01 cells. Realtime PCR method was used to detect p21 and E2F1 gene expressions.
ResultsThe RGD-modified adenovirus Ad.RGD-LIF， Ad.RGD-IL24 and Ad.RGD-LIF-IL24 were construct successfully. Compared with the Ad-GFP group， RGD-modified adenovirus could enhance the infection efficiency of MEG01 cells significantly. Exogenous gene LIF and IL-24 could inhibit the growth of MEG01 cells and induce cell apoptosis through the regulation of p53， Bax and Bcl-xl gene expression. Besides， the double gene expression has a synergistic effect. In MEG01 cells， LIF and IL-24 over-expression could induce cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, LIF and IL24 could upregulate the expression of cell cycle regulated gene p21 and inhibit the E2F1 expression. Conclusion LIF and IL-24 co-expression adenovirus can inhibit the MEG01 cell growth， induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, probably by regulating the expression of p53, Bax and Bcl-xl in vitro.

Related Articles | Metrics

The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer

ZENG Yunyun，ZHANG Weimin，ZHANG Xi.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 393.

Abstract ( 731 )

PDF（pc） (2814KB) ( 470 )

Save

Objective To explore the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） in the acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors（EGFR-TKIs） in nonsmall cell lung cancer（NSCLC）.
Methods The EGFR del E746-A750-mutated human lung adenocarcinoma PC9／AB cell line and the EGFR wild-type H460/ER cell line were used in this study. The role of EMT in the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs was investigated by establishing stable E-cadherin over-expression cell lines（PC9／AB-CDH1 and H460/ER-CDH1） by transforming gene-CDH1 with lentivirus. MTT assay was used to measure the cell proliferation. Wound-healing assay and Transwell assay were adopted to determine the migration and invasion ability of the cells. The mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， β-catenin and EGFR were determined by the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（qRT-PCR） and Western blotting，respectively.
Results EMT（low E-cadherin and high Vimentin）was found in H460／ER and PC9／AB cells， neither T790M mutation nor c-Met amplification were detected. Over-expression of E-cadherin in both PC9／AB-CDH1 and H460／ER-CDH1 cells reversed morphological signature of EMT. Reversing of EMT remarkably increased the sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs in PC9／AB-CDH1and H460／ER-CDH1 cells. Compared with PC9／AB cells， the sensitivity to gefitinib in PC9/ABCDH1 cells increased 11.4 folds. The half-inhibition concentration（IC50）of PC9／AB-CDH1 and PC9/AB cells was （0.70±0.22）μmol／L and （8.68±0.44）μmol/L with statistical significance（P＜0.05）. Compared with H460/ER cells, the sensitivity to erlotinib in H460/ERCDH1 cells increased 6.1 folds. The IC50 of H460/ER-CDH1 and H460/ER cells was （7.51±1.12） μmol/L and （53.72±12.95） μmol/L with statistical significance（P＜0.05）. The expressions of EGFR and its phosphorylation form in both PC9／ABCDH1and H460／ER-CDH1 cells were significantly increased（P＜0.05）.
ConclusionIt demonstrates that reversing of EMT can reverse the acquired gefitinib／erlotinib-resistance in NSCLC， which suggests that EMT plays an important role in the acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC， possibly through down-regulating the phosphorylation of EGFR.

Related Articles | Metrics

Inhibitory effects of TAT-OSBP-MKK6（E） on malignant biological behaviors of human ovarian cancer in nude mice intraperitoneal xenograft

YUAN Jin， KANG Jiali， LIAO Hua，WANG Xiaoxia，SHUAI Rong， DENG Cui.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 400.

Abstract ( 605 )

PDF（pc） (2758KB) ( 436 )

Save

Objective To investigate the effects of TAT-OSBP-MKK6（E） on the tumor growth， invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer xenograft in nude mice in vivo. Methods Eighteen female nude mice were randomly assigned to three groups： treatment group［TAT-OSBP-MKK6（E）］，negative group［TAT-OSBP-MKK6（E）+SB202190］and control group（saline only）.The cell lines were inoculated respectively into abdominal cavity of each group to establish intraperitoneal xenograft model of human ovarian cancer. Abdominal circumference were recorded every two days，the nude mice were sacrificed four weeks after inoculation. The ascitic volume， dissemination position number， disseminated tumor number， tumor weight and tumor growth inhibition rate were recorded. Histopathological characteristics for xenograft tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin（HE）staining. Cell apoptosis in tumor tissues was observed by TUNEL method and apoptotic index （AI） was calculated. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and p38 in xenograft tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining or Western blotting. Results Compared with the negative group and control group, the abdominal circumference growth in treatment group was delay with statistical significance （P＜0.05）.The treatment group had decreased in ascitic volume（P＜0.05），dissemination position number （P＜0.05）， disseminated tumor number（P＜0.05） and tumor weight（P＜0.05）， with tumor growth inhibition rate of 70.99％. the AI in the treatment group was（20.44±1.20）％，higher than （4.94±0.24）% of negative group and （4.00±0.79）% of control group, with statistical significance（P＜0.05）.The expression of VEGF in the treatment group （21.2％）was decreased compared to negative group（81.4％） and control group（85.7％）， with statistical significance（P＜0.05）. The relative expression of p38 was significantly increased in the treatment group （0.40±0.01） compared to negative group （0.22±0.01） and control group（0.20±0.01）， with statistical significance（P＜0.05）.Conclusion TAT-OSBP-MKK6（E） can significantly suppress the tumor growth, invasion and metastasis of human ovarian cancer in nude mice xenograft.

Related Articles | Metrics

Effect of norcantharidin on the proliferation， apoptosis， cell cycle and activity of NF-κB on human leukemia cell line K562

YAO Kaitao， CHEN Jiangsheng， CHEN Chunli.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 406.

Abstract ( 750 )

PDF（pc） (1274KB) ( 421 )

Save

Objective To investigate the effect of norcantharidin （NCTD） on proliferation， apoptosis， cell cycle and the activity of nuclear factor （NF）κB on human leukemia cell line K562. Methods The K562 cell was treated with different concentrations of NCTD （0， 10， 25， 50， 100 μmol／L） and the proliferation inhibition rates were measured by CCK-8 kit at 24， 48， 72， 96 h post-treatment. The apoptotic rates at 24 and 48 h together with cell cycle at 48 h after NCTD treatments were evaluated via flow cytometry. The in situ cell death detection kit （Tunnel） was applied to measure the levels of apoptosis at 24 and 48 h post-treatment. As for the activity of NF-κB， levels of p65 subunit of NFκB and IκBα were detected by Western blotting at 48 h posttreatment. Results NCTD in the range 10 to 100 μmol／L could increase the proliferation inhibition rates on K562 cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner （P＜0.05）. In comparison with 0 μmol／L NCTD， there were elevated apoptotic rates and indices at 24 and 48 h posttreatment （P＜0.05）. The treatment with NCTD （10~100 μmol／L） resulted in a higher proportion of cells within G0／G1phase but a lower proportion of cells within S and G2／M phases with significant differences than 0 μmol／L （P＜0.05）. Reduced IκBα but elevated p65 subunit of NFκB were observed only in 10100 μmol／L NCTD （P＜0.05）.
Conclusion NCTD exhibited cytotoxity on K562 cells， possibly by the inhibition of the cell proliferation， induction of apoptosis and down-regulation of the activity of NF-κB.

Related Articles | Metrics

Influence of miRNA-223 on drug-resistance of non-small cell lung cancer A549／DDP cells to cisplatin

HU Min， WEI Xiaoxia， ZOU Jie， CUI Facai， PANG Xiaohui.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 411.

Abstract ( 750 )

PDF（pc） (1347KB) ( 459 )

Save

Objective To explore the influence of miRNA-223 （miR-223） on drugresistance of nonsmall cell lung cancer A549／DDP cells to dichorodiamine platinum （DDP） and its possible mechanism. Methods The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （qRT-PCR） was used to measure the miR223 level of A549／DDP cells. According to the experimental protocol， A549／DDP cells were divided into 3 groups： control group， empty vector transfection group （cells transfected with unrelated sequence） and inhibitor group （cells transfected with miR-223 inhibitor）. The qRT-PCR and CCK-8 were applied to detect the effect of transfection and proliferation at 24， 48， 72 and 96 h posttransfection. The changes of drugresistance of A549／DDP cells to cisplatin were measured by CCK-8. The cell cycle and apoptosis at 48 h posttransfection were detected via flow cytometry. The changes of expression of multidrug resistance protein， such as P-glycoprotein （P-gp）， multidrug resistance associated protein 1 （MRP1） and lung resistance related protein （LRP）， were evaluated by Western blotting. Results A higher level of miR-223 was observed in A549／DDP cells than in A549 cells with a （7.14±0.26）fold increase. There was a decreased miR-223 level in inhibitor group after transfection， which was further decreased compared to （67.15±2.84）％ of the control group and （65.80±3.47）％ of the empty vector transfected group at 96 h posttransfection （P＜0.05）. Compared with the control group， there were elevated inhibitory rates of proliferation， early and late apoptotic rates and proportion of cells in G0／G1 phase but reduced proportion of cells in S and G2／M phases and three protein levels related to resistance genes in inhibitor group. The inhibited concentration of 50％（IC50） for DDP was （15.67±1.30） μg／ml in inhibitor group， lower than （33.71±2.61） μg／ml in control group. Conclusion MiR-223 can increase the drug resistance of A549／DDP cells to DDP， possibly by increasing the gene expression related to resistance. The reduced level of miR223 resulted in the inhibition of the proliferation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and the downregulation of drug resistance protein.

Related Articles | Metrics

The expression and function of microRNA-203 in colorectal cancer

LI Dan， ZHOU Lianbang， WANG Nianfei， ZHANG Daoquan.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 417.

Abstract ( 724 )

PDF（pc） (1663KB) ( 551 )

Save

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of microRNA203 （miR-203） in colorectal cancer， and to verify its function in colorectal carcinoma cells. Methods The realtime quantitative PCR （qRT-PCR） was used to detect the levels of miR-203 in 52 cases of colorectal cancer and corresponding adjacent tissues. The relationship between the levels of miR203 and clinical pathological parameters （gender， age， tumor size， tumor location， tumor differentiation， clinical stage and lymph node metastasis） and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen was carried out. The levels of miR203 in three common colorectal cancer cell lines （SW480， Lovo and HT-29） and human normal colonic mucosal epithelial cells NCM460 were also measured via qRTPCR. The cell with the lowest miR-203 level was chosen and then subjected to the transfection with miR-203 analogue （mimics） and miR-203 control, respectively. The influences of miR-203 mimics on the cell proliferation， invasion and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT method， flow cytometry with PI／Annexin V double staining and Transwell， respectively. Results The relative expression of miR-203 in colorectal cancer tissues was 0.372±0.019， lower than that in paracarcinoma tissues. The levels of miR-203 were related with TNM staging， lymph node metastasis， tumor size and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels. When the miR203 level in NCM460 cell was taken as reference （1.00）， the relative expression of miR-203 in SW480， Lovo and HT-29 cells were 0.26±0.07， 0.44± 0.05 and 0.32±0.04， respectively. As shown in the MTT analysis， the absorption values of miR-203 mimics group were lower than the miR203 control group at 48， 72 and 96 h （P＜0.05）. Moreover， there were higher apoptotic rates but lower transmembrane cell numbers in miR-203 mimics group versus miR203 control group at 48 and 96 h. Conclusion There are low levels of miR-203 in both colorectal cancer tissues and cells. The elevation of miR-203 can inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion but induce the apoptosis in colorectal cancer.

Related Articles | Metrics

Expression of AEG-1 in oral squamous carcinoma and its correlation with prognosis

WANG Xiumei， GUO Yang， WEI Shenghua， CAO Xiaofang， XIE Xiaohua.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 422.

Abstract ( 686 )

PDF（pc） (1082KB) ( 388 )

Save

Objective To detect the expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 （AEG-1） in oral squamous cell carcinoma （OSCC）， and to investigate the relationship between expression of AEG-1 in OSCC and clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis. Methods The expression of AEG-1 was measured by Western blotting in OSCC cells（CAL27, SCC4, Tca8113, Tb, Ts） and HaCaT cell. At the same time， the expressions of AEG-1 of 87 patients with OSCC and 20 cases of normal oral mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the expression of AEG-1 in OSCC tissues and clinical pathological characteristics were analyzed. The overall survival of OSCC patients was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The factors affecting the prognosis of OSCC patients were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results AEG-1 was high expressed in OSCC cells（CAL27, SCC4, Ts and Tb）. The high-level expression rates of AEG-1 was 51.7％（45／87）and 10.0％（2／20）， respectively in OSCC and normal oral tissues， in which there existed difference statistically （P=0.001）.The expression of AEG-1 was closely correlated with differentiation， clinical stage， T stage and lymph node metastasis. Univariate analysis showed AEG-1， clinical stage， T stage and lymph node metastases were prognostic factor of OSCC. Multivariate analysis showed AEG-1 was independent prognostic factors in OSCC（RR=1.948，95％CI：1.013-3.744，P=0.046）. Conclusion The overexpression of AEG-1 might play an important role in the occurrence and development of OSCC， and it can be used as a reference index of the malignant degree and poor prognosis of OSCC.

Related Articles | Metrics

Correlation between DNA repair rates and platinum-containing chemotherapy efficacy for patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer

WANG Dandan， GU Kangsheng.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 427.

Abstract ( 669 )

PDF（pc） (1571KB) ( 382 )

Save

Objective To investigate the relationship between the DNA repair rate（DRR） of peripheral blood lymphocytes（PBLC） and platinumcontaining chemotherapy efficacy in advanced gastrointestinal malignancies.
Methods The DRR of PBLC from 112 patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients（cancer group） were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis（SCGE）， and other 60 patients with healthy subjects were selected as controls（control group）. Cancer patients were treated in parallel platinumcontaining chemotherapy regimens to evaluate the shortterm effect. In cancer group， the DRR of the two platinum groups before and after exposure to platinum were analyzed. Then， the correlation between the DRR of cancer group and clinical pathological features and efficacy of chemotherapy regimens containing platinum was also investigated.
ResultsTail length（TL） and tail moment（TM） were utilized to detect the DRR of esophageal cancer（Z=-4.687， P=0.000； Z=-4.939， P=0.000）， gastric cancer（Z=-5.473， P=0.000； Z=-3.789， P=0.000） and colorectal cancer（Z=-5.796， P=0.000； Z=-5.206， P=0.000）. The PBLC DRRs of cancer group were lower than that of control group counterpart. The PBLC DRR of cancer group exhibit no correlation to sex， age， ECOG score， alcohol habits and tissue differentiation of the tumor（P＞0.05）. Among 112 patients， 110 cases were evaluable for efficacy. For esophageal cancer， there were 3 cases of PR， 6 cases of SD and 12 cases of PD with response rate（RR） of 14.3％ and disease control rate（DCR） of 42.9％. For gastric cancer， there were 1 case of CR， 5 cases of PR， 10 cases of SD and 20 cases of PD with RR of 16.7％ and DCR of 44.4％. For colorectal cancer， there were 2 cases of CR， 8 cases of PR， 13 cases of SD and 30 cases of PD with RR of 18.9％ and DCR of 43.4％.When TL was utilized as an evaluation index of DRR， the DRR of esophageal cancer（r=-0.500， P=0021）， gastric cancer（r=-0546， P=0001） and colorectal cancer（r=-0.362， P=0.008） were negatively correlated with chemotherapy. Using TM as an evaluation index for DRR， the DRR of esophageal cancer（r=-0.481， P=0.027） and gastric cancer（r=-0.361， P=0.030） were negatively correlated with chemotherapy， but no correlation with chemotherapy was shown in colorectal cancer（r=-0.256， P=0.064）. Conclusion In comparison to healthy individuals， gastrointestinal cancer patients possess low DNA repair capacity. DRR is negatively correlated with shortterm efficacy of advanced esophageal and gastric cancer patients treated with platinumcontaining chemotherapy regimens.

Related Articles | Metrics

Combined analysis of protein expression of ERCC1 and RRM1 to predict prognosis and curative effect in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer receiving nedaplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy

FU Juan， ZHANG Aiyun， LUO Aihua， OU Baoquan， YIN Yifa.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 433.

Abstract ( 693 )

PDF（pc） (1029KB) ( 386 )

Save

Objective To explore the protein expression of nucleotide excision repair cross complementing gene 1 （ERCC1） and ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 （RRM1） and their roles in predicting prognosis and curative effect in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer receiving nedaplatinbased concurrent chemoradiotherapy （CCRT）. Methods In a retrospective analysis， 72 patients with cervical cancer in our hospital from February 2009 to November 2012 receiving nedaplatin-based CCRT were enrolled. According to the effect of CCRT， the patients were assigned into sensitive group and resistance group. The protein expressions of ERCC1 and RRM1 were detected by immunohistochemistry method in the biopsy tissues before treatment. The impact of expression of proteins on the prognosis and therapeutic effect， and their correlations with clinicopathological features were investigated further. The predictive value of ERCC1 and RRM1 on the curative effect of nedaplatinbased CCRT was investigated by receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC） analysis. Results The RRM1 and ERCC1 expressions in carcinoma tissues were higher than those in paracarcinoma tissues （P＜0.05）. The 54.2％ and 59.7％ of patients with tumors had high expressions of ERCC1 and RRM1， respectively. In sensitive group， the highexpression rates of ERCC1 and RRM1 were 42.9％ and 47.6％， lower than 70.0％ and 76.7％ in resistance group with significant difference（P＜0.05）. The AUC， sensitivity and specificity of ERCC1 and RRM1 in predicting the curative effect of nedaplatin-based CCRT were 0.915 and 0.944， 92.1％ and 87.3％， and 86.2％ and 91.0％， respectively. Expression of ERCC1 was related with FIGO staging， differentiation and pelvic lymph node swelling， and expression of RRM1 was related with the degree of differentiation and pelvic lymph node swelling （P＜0.05）. The median progression free survival （PFS） of patients with high ERCC1 expression was 27.5 months， similar with the 286 months in patients with low ERCC1 expression. The median PFS was 200 months in patients with high RRM1 expression， lower than 37.5 months in patients with low RRM1 expression（P＜0.05）.
Conclusion There are higher expression levels of ERCC1 and RRM1 in cervical carcinoma tissues. Both the expression levels of two proteins are related with the curative effect， the degree of differentiation and pelvic lymph node swelling. Both levels of ERCC1 and RRM1 can be used for the prediction of curative effect in locally advanced cervical cancer receiving nedaplatinbased concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Related Articles | Metrics

A systematic review for the management of pain by oxycodone combined with opioid receptor antagonists

ZHANG Wei， HUA Fang, CUI Zhaohui

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 438.

Abstract ( 737 )

PDF（pc） (1393KB) ( 407 )

Save

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of oxycodone combined with opioid receptor antagonists in the management of pain. Methods We searched Pubmed， Embase， Cochrane Library， and CNKI database to acquire the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about oxycodone combined with opioid receptor antagonists in the treatment of pain. After evaluating methodological quality and extracting data， Metaanalysis was performed using RevMan5.1 software. Results A total of 6 RCTs involving 2003 patients were included. Metaanalysis showed that the combination group was superior to the oxycodone group with significant differences in the bowel function index scores（MD=-13.86， 95％CI：-16.85- -10.86， P＜0.000 01） and the incidence of constipation（RR=0.70， 95％CI：0.61-0.80，P＜0.000 01）. There were no significant difference in the pain intensity scores（MD=0.06， 95％CI：-0.17-0.29，P=0.60）， the incidence of diarrhea（RR=1.22， 95％CI：0.79-1.89， P=0.37）， the incidence of adverse reactions of the nervous system（RR=1.08， 95％CI：0.88-1.32，P=0.48） and general disorders or administration site（RR=1.11， 95％CI：0.81-1.53， P=051）. Conclusion Compared to oxycodone alone group， the combination group promot the bowel function and reduce the incidence of constipation without affecting analgesia situation and can not increase the incidence of adverse reactions， and thus it can be an ideal analgesic method.

Related Articles | Metrics

Dosimetric impact of organs at risk delineation variability of inter-observer on patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

LI Danming， MU Qingxia， SUN Xinchen，ZHANG Qingbo.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 445.

Abstract ( 739 )

PDF（pc） (896KB) ( 385 )

Save

Objective To investigate the extent of inter-observer variation in delineation of the organs at risk before and after studying the recommendation and its impact on estimating doses in blind mode. Methods Eight patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were asked to contour bilateral inner ear， middle ear and temporal lobe on computed tomography transverse section in blind mode by four observers. Interobserver variability were compared in the delineation of the above organs and estimated doses for these before and after studying the recommendation.
Results No difference of absolute volumes of inner ear， middle ear were observed（P＞0.05）， that of bilateral temporal lobe decreased significantly（P＜0.05）；The agreement index （AI） of three organs at risk volume contoured by four observers increased significantly（P＜0.05）. Based on analysis of dosage， there was significant difference for Dmean of right inner ear and V50 of bilateral inner ear except Dmean of left inner ear（P＜0.05）； There was no significant difference for Dmean of right middle ear， V50of left middle ear except Dmean of left middle ear（P＞0.05）； Significant difference were observed for D2 of right temporal lobe and Dmax， D1 and D2 of left temporal lobe （P＜0.05）；The recommendation significantly improved Kappa value of Dmean and V50 of bilateral inner ear， V50 of left middle ear， D1 of left temporal lobe and D2 of right temporal lobe（P＜0.05）.
Conclusion Different volumetric and dosimetric parameters may hinder the different researchers. The unified and standardized training can improve the accuracy and concordance of delineation, which caused evaluation of treatment plannings more objectively.

Related Articles | Metrics

DSA manifestation in hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal cancer and its relation with short-term therapeutic efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

WANG Guoxiang，YANG Xiaohua，WANG Heping， HUANG Xinyu， YAN Xiaoxing，PEI Renguang，CHEN Fangman.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 450.

Abstract ( 729 )

PDF（pc） (1456KB) ( 375 )

Save

bjective To investigate the manifestation of digital subtract angiography（DSA） in hepatic metastases from astrointestinal cancer and its relationship with the shortterm efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization（TACE）. Methods 255 patients，who were in hospital with hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal cancer， were involved in the study. Primary tumors of these patients had been resected. Their pathology types were adenocarcinoma. All patients were given the hepatic trterial digital subtract angiography（DSA） before TACE. Based on the observation of the arterial blood supply in intrahepatic metastatic tumor，these blood supply were divided into the hypervascular pattern（n=34），the isovascular pattern（n=69） and the hypovascular pattern group（n=152） in order to investigate the relationship between the manifestation of hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal cancer and their shortterm therapeutic efficacy of TACE. Results After TACE, the clinical effective rate（CR+PR） of hypervascular， isovascular and hypovascular pattern group was 73.5％（25／34），24.6％（17／69） and 20.4％（31／152）, respectively. A significant difference in shortterm therapeutic efficacy existed between hypervascular and isovascular group as well as between hypervascular and hypovascular group（P＜0.01），while no significant difference existed between isovascular and hypovascular group（P＞0.05）. All patients appeared different degree of nausea， vomiting， liver area unwell or pain after TACE， there was no significant difference in 3 groups. No liver failure， serious complications associated with interventional therapy were occured in all patients.
ConclusionThe main blood supply of hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal cancer is hypovascular pattern. Compared with isovascular and hypovascular tumor， TACE is much more effective in treating hypervascular patients suffering from hepatic metastases by gastrointestinal cancer. Non-vascular interventional therapy should be invited to treat isovascular and hypovascular tumors.

Related Articles | Metrics

Application status and progress of biomarkers for ductal carcinoma in situ

ZHANG Yonghui， CAO Xuchen.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 455.

Abstract ( 693 )

PDF（pc） (900KB) ( 643 )

Save

Related Articles | Metrics

The sodium iodide symporter：expression and induction in breast cancer and breast cancer radioiodine therapy

LI Jing， ZHANG Qingyuan

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 460.

Abstract ( 724 )

PDF（pc） (920KB) ( 405 )

Save

The sodium iodide symporter（NIS） is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates active iodide uptake into thyroid follicular cells. NISmediated iodide uptake in thyroid cells is the basis for treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinomas and their metastases. Furthermore， NIS is expressed in many human breast tumors， suggesting that NISmediated radionuclide uptake may be used for the targeted therapy of breast cancer. However， functional cell surface NIS expression is often low in breast cancer， making it important to uncover signaling pathways that modulate NIS expression at multiple levels， from gene transcription to posttranslational processing and cell surface trafficking. In this review， we summarized the research progress of the presence， relevance and regulation of NIS in breast cancer. The clinical significance of NIS in breast cancer radioiodine therapy will also be discussed.

Related Articles | Metrics

Progression of high-mobility group protein A2 in malignant cancer

LIU Yafang，LIU Hongbing， SONG Yong.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 465.

Abstract ( 732 )

PDF（pc） (875KB) ( 752 )

Save

The high mobility group protein A（HMGA） family is composed of four proteins. HMGA2 is one of the family. HMGA2 involves in epithelialmesenchymal transition， and plays a crucial role in maintaining the differentiation potential and the selfrenewal of neural stem cells（NSCs）.HMGA2 is able to process a number of different mechanisms involved in the regulation of biological events. Overexpression of HMGA2 has been observed in a variety of malignant tumors and often correlates with poor prognosis. In this review, we summarize the latest progresses on HMGA2 in cancer.

Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress on the regulatory mechanism of ANGPTL4 in tumor

WANG Kang， BAI Jing.

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 469.

Abstract ( 638 )

PDF（pc） (895KB) ( 385 )

Save

Angiopoietin-like 4（ANGPTL4） plays an important role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism，which depends on the existing knowledge about ANGPTL4. New study has shown a prominent role for ANGPTL4 in tumor angiogenesis， development， metastasis， anoikis resistance and altered redox regulation. In this review, we discuss the regulatory mechanism of ANGPTL4 in tumor and clinical value of it, which can provide more new ideas in the targeted cancer therapy.

Related Articles | Metrics

New discovery of the function research on MDSCs

DENG Wanping， SUN Junzhong

Chinese Clinical Oncology. 2015, 20 (5): 474.

Abstract ( 716 )

PDF（pc） (865KB) ( 573 )

Save

Myeloidderived suppressor cells（MDSCs）is a crowd of cells， which can suppress the immune response， mainly by inhibiting T cells function， as a result， contributing to the genesis and development of disease. With the increasing importance of MDSCs as targets for treatment of cancer， more and more people have given considerable attention to it， and have achieved certain results. In this paper we reviewed the MDSCs immunosuppressive mechanism， and the role of MDSCs as potential targets in animal experiments， as well as in clinical researches， aiming at offering new insights into the treatment of malignant tumor.

Related Articles | Metrics

标准刊号：	ISSN 1009-0460
	CN 32-1577/R