Abstract: Objective To investigate the predictive effect of microphthalmiaassociated transcription factor（MITF） gene amplification on clinical outcome of recombined human endostatin（endostar） plus dacarbazine as firstline treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma. Methods MITF gene amplification in tumor tissues obtained from 60 metastatic melanoma patients were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. All the patients were followed for disease control rate and long-term efficacy. Results Of 60 tumor tissues， 56 were evaluable for MITF gene detection. MITF gene amplification was detected in 29 of 56 patients（51.8％）， 31.2％（5/16） of acral， 63.2％（12／19） of non-acral， 80.0％（8／10） of mucosal and 36.4％（4／11） of unknown primary melanoma（P=0.050）. The disease control rate of patients with or without MITF gene amplification were 586％ and 81.5％（P=0.063）; and the median time to progression were 6.4 months（95％CI：0.5-12.2 months） and 8.4 months（95％CI：6.8-10.3 months），respectively（P=0.169）. Conclusion MITF gene amplification rate of Chinese metastatic melanoma is high. It seems to have potential to predict the efficacy of endostar plus dacarbazine in treatment of metastatic melanoma. Further survival data needs long-term follow-up.