Abstract: Individualized radiotherapy is the ideal model of radiation therapy， based on tailoring the treatment in a large number of individual clinical， pathological and molecular genetic level. Two key problems exist in the implementation of individualized radiotherapy， one is how to identify and individually delineate the target volume of esophageal carcinoma， and the other is how to individually implement the precise exposure. Due to technological advances and the renovation of equipment in radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma， the individualized implementation of the precise exposure has become possible. In recent years， with the advent of functional imaging， molecular imaging and other new technologies， it points out the future research direction of individualized tumor target volume delineation. This article reviewed the definition of the target volume in the individual radiotherapy of nonsurgical esophageal carcinoma， which involves the application of new technologies such as anatomical imaging， functional imaging， hypoxia， molecular imaging to individually identify and delineat the tumor target volume， including gross tumor volume， clinical tumor volume， planning target volume， biological target volume and etc.