Abstract: Objective To investigate the expressions of Wilms tumor 1 （WT1） and βcatenin protein in nonsmall cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, and analyze their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and the correlation between the two proteins. Methods A total of 48 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from NSCLC patients were stained by En Vision two steps method to evaluate the expressions of WT1 and β-catenin protein， and 20 adjacent normal tissues were collected as control. Results The positive rate of WT1 protein was 62.5％ in NSCLC， higher than 10.0％ in adjacent normal lung tissue （P＜0.05）. The aberrant expression rate of β-catenin protein was 72.9％ in NSCLC， higher than 15.0％ in adjacent normal lung tissue （P＜0.05）. The expression of WT1 protein was related to the status of lymph node metastasis（P＜0.05）， but not with gender， age， tumor diameter， pathological types， histological differentiation or pTNM staging（P＞0.05）. There was significant difference between βcatenin protein aberrant expression and histological differentiation（P＜0.05）， while no differences were found in gender， age， tumor diameter， pathological types， status of lymph node metastasis or pTNM staging（P＞0.05）. WT1 protein was positively related to β-catenin protein in NSCLC（r=0.331，P＜0.05）.
Conclusion The expressions of WT1 protein and β-catenin protein may be correlated to the occurrence and development of NSCLC.