Oxaliplatin is the thirdgeneration platinum compound with the some advantages of high efficiency， low toxicity and difficult to resistant etc， thus obviously different from other first- and second-generation platinum drugs. Recent studies have shown that in addition to cytotoxic effect of oxaliplatin that is direct action in cancer cell DNA， immunological mechanism is a new and very important aspect of its anti-tumour effect. Thus this paper want to briefly review the study progression of immunological mechanisms in oxaliplatin antitumour effect and its clinical implications，to help oncologists understanding related issues and expanding treatment as well as research thought.

Regulatory T cells（Treg） play a dominant role in selftolerance and control of autoimmune diseases. These cells also play a pivotal role in chronic inflammation and cancer by limiting immune activation and specific immune response. The study shows Treg can be divided into two subsets including natural（n） Treg and inducible（i） Treg. Natural（n） Treg is normally responsible for maintaining peripheral tolerance and immune balance in healthy individuals. Inducible（i） Treg is highly suppressive， therapy-resistant Treg which down-regulate anti-tumor immune responses and promote tumor growth. But this division of labor between nTreg and iTreg is not absolute， and overlap may be common. This review is aim to discuss the phenotypic diversity and plasticity of the Treg， and then investigate the relationship between Treg and tumor prognosis and immunity therapy.

 Chemotherapy is an important therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment， however， chemoresistance is a major challenge. Recently， emerging evidences suggest that abnormal changes in the Notch signaling pathway are involved in the development and chemotherapy resistance of human malignancies. Notch signaling pathway is widely expressed in a variety of tumor cells， and it promotes tumor stem cell （CSC） phenotype， epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）， and interaction with other signaling pathways， resulting in tumor resistance to chemotherapeutic drug. Therefore， this article will provide a brief overview of what is currently known about Notch signaling and its related regulatory mechanism. Moreover， down-regulation of Notch pathway could enhance drug sensitivity， which may provide a novel approach for the treatment of cancer.

 Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare group of mesenchymal malignancies except bone or cartilage, with a low incidence rate. Patients with advanced STS have limited treatment options, poor prognosis and high mortality. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made great breakthroughs in the field of tumor therapy, greatly improving the prognosis of patients with various malignancies. However, efficacy of ICIs in the treatment of STS remains unravelled. This review summarizes the role of the ICIs in various sets of advanced STS treatment and provides future research directions, hoping to serve as a reference for clinicians.

Kruppel-like factor 4（Klf4），a zinc finger-type protein transcription factor，plays an important role in the cell growth， apoptosis， proliferation and differentiation by regulating the expression of a number of downstream target genes. Klf4 is a transcription factor which functions as a tumor suppressor and oncogene. This article summarizes the structure of Klf4， biological function and latest research progress in digestive system neoplasms.

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting （CINV） is one of the most common adverse events for patients undergoing chemotherapy. Severe nausea and vomiting can cause malnutrition and disturbance of water and electrolyte which may have a negative effect on patients’ quality of life and adherence to chemotherapy. 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor （5-HT3） antagonists are included in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines as first-line option in the preventive antiemetic therapy. Granisetron transdermal system is the first antiemetic 5-HT3 antagonist available in a transdermal formulation. A number of pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that granisetron transdermal system is not inferior to oral granisetron. Besides it can steadily control CINV for up to 7 days. In this paper，we reviewed the progress in researches from the aspects of pharmacokinetics and clinical application of granisetron transdermal system.

Objective To observe the effects and adverse reactions of bevacizumab in brain metastases patients with serious cerebral edema. Methods

Retrospective analysis of 14 cases of brain metastasis patients with serious cerebral edema， including 7 cases of breast cancer， 5 cases of lung cancer， 1

case of esophagus cancer and 1 case of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Mannitol， dexamethasone and other conventional treatment were not effective in these patients. The symptom， quality of life and the volume of edema in T2 weighted MRI images before and after the bevacizumab treatment were compared. The adverse reactions were recorded in detail. Results The medium dose of bevacizumab was 4.76 mg/kg. The symptoms of 11 cases of brain metastases were significantly relieved after the bevacizumab treatment. Brain MRI indicated that the edema volumes before and after the treatment were reduced significantly［（38 804±14 859）mm3 vs.（80 100±28 338）mm3，P=0.02］. The edema index had a reduced trend（15.38±7.12 vs. 26.40±16.52，P＞0.05）. Adverse reactions associated with bevacizumab included bleeding in the nasal cavity and death in 1 patient， and hypertension in 3 patient. There were no proteinuria， anemia， stomatitis and other complications. Conclusion Bevacizumab has significant efficacy for treating serious cerebral edema， but patients should be selected carefully before receiving bevacizumab to avoid serious adverse reactions.

Oxaliplatin has been approved for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）in China. FOLFOX4 regimen based on oxaliplatin has become one of the standard treatments for advanced HCC，which can significantly prolong the survival of patients with HCC，and also show good safety and tolerance. However，the clinical efficacy of oxaliplatin on HCC is very limited. The treatment failure is closely related to the resistance of HCC. This article reviews the progress about current researches on the resistance mechanism of oxaliplatin in the treatment of HCC，arming to help clinical and scientific researchers to understand the latest development，and to broaden their thinking in future work.

Objective To investigate the prognosis and related influencing factors for elderly advanced gastric cancer. Methods The data of 174 patients over 70 years with advanced gastric cancer who received chemotherapy from January 2010 and December 2012 was reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method was employed to analyze survival and Cox proportional hazard model was used for multifactor analysis. Results The response rate （RR） was 31.5％（51／162）and the disease control rate （DCR） was 73.5％（119／162）.The median overall survival （OS） was 11.4 months （95％ CI： 10.4-12.4） and the 1-， 2-year survival rates were 39.0％ and 17.0％. The RR and median OS of 2-drug therapy were better than those of monotherapy （35.8％ vs. 17.9％， P=0.037； 14.1months vs. 7.5 months，P=0.010）， but the difference of DCR had no significance （P＞0.05）. The median OS of patients receiving chemotherapy of 1-2， 3-4 and ＞5 cycles were 7.7， 13.1 and 21.5months （P＜0.001）. The median OS of receiving first-line therapy alone was shorter than those receiving second-line after disease progression （10.7 months vs. 16.7 months， P=0.006）. Cox regression model showed that ECOG score， number of metastatic lesions， CEA， CA19-9， lactate dehydrogenase， chemotherapy cycles and the second-line chemotherapy were the independent prognostic factors influencing prognosis. Conclusion Multiple cycles of chemotherapy and the application of second-line chemotherapy after disease progression may improve the prognosis of elderly patients bearing advanced gastric cancer.

Endocrine therapies are effective to estrogen receptor α （ER） positive breast cancer. However， intrinsic and acquired endocrine resistance has always been the puzzle. ER is a nuclear protein， encoded by the ESR1 gene. ESR1 mutation plays an important role in endocrine resistance in ER positive breast cancer. ESR1-related genomic abnormalities include copy number changes，genomic rearrangements and missense point mutation. The finding of ER ligand binding domain（LBD） mutations can deepen the understanding of the endocrine resistance mechanisms. Furthermore，the dynamic changes between the agonist and antagonist conformation of the ER LBD mutants can also result in endocrine resistance. Now，studies on the target therapy of endocrine resistance mainly focus on increasing the doses of fulvestrant or tamoxifen or more potent selective estrin receptor modulators or estrogen receptor downregulators，new agents targeting ER co-activators，or targeting classical ER downstream genes （CDK4／6 inhibitors）. The studies on new agents are expected to resolve the endocrine resistance problems.

Radiation therapy occupies an irreplaceable position for cancer therapy. Most tumors are radiation resistant with hypoxic cells，so it's important to increase the radiosensitization. At present，the radiosensitization concept has developed including DNA damage，angiogenesis，cell signal transduction，cell cycle dysfunction, apoptosis，and other fields. This article reviews the recent literature and the relevant issues concerning the role of the mechanism，strategy，and drugs of radiosensitization.

Cancer cachexia is a cancerinduced multifactor complex syndrome. About 50％80％ of patients with advanced malignant tumors suffer from cancer cachexia， which counteracts effect of antitumor therapy， reduces the quality and duration of life. The mechanism of this metabolic disorder caused by tumors， is very complicated because of its serious influence on multiorgan. As a result， the evaluation and staging of its severity become difficult things. Furthermore， the intervention means to ameliorate cancer cachexia are limited at present while so much disagreement of views on treatment exists. The individualized， multidisciplinary， multimodal therapies are now advocated in clinical practice. In this paper， we shall review the progress in researches from the aspects of mechanism， evaluation and clinical medication of cancer cachexia.

In recent years， the incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in patients with lung cancer increased year by year. However， the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with lung cancer （IPF-LC） is difficult because of the lack of specific clinical manifestations， hematological and imaging features. IPF-LC patients often can not tolerate chemotherapy due to poor pulmonary function and other reasons， so the treatment options are limited. On the other hand，radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted treatment will increase the process of pulmonary fibrosis， leading to the treatment difficulties and poor prognosis. This study aims to summarize the epidemiology， pathogenesis， clinical features and treatment of IPF-LC.

Signet ring cell carcinoma（SCC） is a special form of adenocarcinoma with a large vacuole full of mucin displacing the nucleus to the periphery. The frequency of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is about 3.4％-39％. With the characteristics of high degree of malignancy， poor differentiation， intramural diffuse infiltrative growth and rapid progression， the prognosis of SCC is quite poor. It is also resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recently， it has been found that SCC has certain biological characteristics which differs it from other type adenocarcinoma. Those biological characteristics can be potential biomarkers and targets for therapy. In the current review， we summarize the clinicopathological and biological characteristics of SCC， which may aim at the therapy of it.

The soaring cost of new antitumor drugs has prompted calls for more attention to the value of these products. In response to rapidly increasing health care spending， several organizations such as ASCO, ESMO, ICER, NCCN and DrugAbacus have developed frameworks to systematically assess the value of new drugs. Value assessment frameworks vary in their definition of components of value and their approach to assessment. This review analyzes and discusses several assessment frameworks in foreign countries by reviewing and synthesizing relevant literature， in order to help us build a framework for the evaluation of the value of antitumor drugs applicable to our country and carry out value-based treatment decisions.

 The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) estimates 36 cancer incidence rate and mortality rates in 185 countries/regions through GLOBOCAN 2020 database. Globocan2020 database shows that cervical cancer is the fourth largest tumor in women in the world, whether it is morbidity or mortality. The harm of cervical cancer to women's health and its prevention and treatment are important public health issues facing the world. This paper will summarize and compare the incidence and death prevalence of cervical cancer in the world and China from the aspects of population characteristics, regional distribution and time change trend, and combined with the reported human papillomavirus and other risk factors, primary prevention and secondary prevention strategies of cervical cancer, in order to provide scientific clues for the prevention and treatment strategies of cervical cancer in the future.

Mitochondrial fusion protein 2（Mfn2）is a highly conserved transmembrane GTP enzyme， which is encoded by a newly identified tumor suppressor gene Mfn2. The antitumor effect of Mfn2 is associated with the mitogenactivated protein kinase（MAPK）signaling pathway. MAPK is a major downstream tributary of Ras signaling pathway， which plays an important role in the malignant cells， leading to the tumor invasion and metastasis. In this review， we focus on the recent discoveries on the mechanisms involved in the regulation of Mfn2 and the relationship between Mfn2 and RasMAPK signaling pathway in breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the value of using autofluorescence bronchoscopy（AFB） for the detection and localization of central type early lung cancer. Methods 93 patients，suspected of lung cancer were examinated by AFB and white light bronchoscopy（WLB）. All of the suspicious abnormal sites were recorded and biopsied for pathological examination. Two methods were compared by sensitivity and specificity. Results Included 93 biopsy specimens，and 74 were classified as positive by pathology，including 70 invasive cancer，1 carcinoma in situ and 3 severe dysplasia. AFB combined with WLB found positive resuts comfirmed by pathology in 67 cases, and WLB alone found positive in 50 cases. The relative sensitivity to detect central type early lung cancer of WLB combined with AFB versus WLB alone was 90.5％ and 67.6％, respectively，with statistical difference significantly（P＜0.05）. Conclusion The sensitivity of AFB is better than WLB in detection and localization of central type early lung cancer.